Keyboard-controlled ideographic printer having permutation type selection



Sept. 9, 1947. CHUNG-CHIN KAO 2,427,214

y KEYBOARD-CONTROLLED IDEOGRAPHIC PRINTER HAVING PERMUTATION TYPE SELECTION Filed Dec. 11, 1945 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORN EY CHUNG-CHIN KAO KEYBOARD-CONTROLLED IDEOGRAPHIC PRINTER HAVING PERMUTATION TYPE SELECTION Sept 9, 1947.

. 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 11, 1945 m INVENTOR 'CHMVG- Omv K40 ATTORN EY Sept. 9, 19.47. N KAQ 2,427,214

KEYBOARD-CONTROLLED IDEOGRAPHIC PRINTER HAVING PERMUTATION TYPE SELECTION v Filed Dec. 11, 1945 6 SheetsSheet 3 INVENTOR CHUNG-690V K40 WWW ATTORNEY KEYBOARD-CONTROLLED IDEOGRAPHIC PRINTER HAVING P'ERMUTATION TYPE SELECTION P 9, 1947. CHUNG-CHIN KAO I 2,427,214

Filed Dec. 11, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR CHUNG-CHIN K40 ATTO R N EY P 1947. CHUNG-CHIN KAO 2,427,214

KEYBOARD-CONTROLLED IDEOGRAPHIC PRINTER HAVING PERMUTATION TYPE SELECTION Filed Dec. 11, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR CHUNG'-('H//V K40 TTORNEY Patented Sept. 9, 1947 KEYBOARD-GONTROLLED IDEOGRAPHIC PRINTER HAVING PERMUTATION TYPE SELECTION Chung-Chin Kan, New York, N. Y.

Application December 11, 19.43, Serial No. 513,;820

27 Claims.

Thi invention relates to typing machines, and more particularly to keyboard-controlled machines for printing directly in ideographic characters, e. g., Chinese ideographs and the like.

A principal object of the invention relates to an improved electrically controlled Chinese or other ideographic typing machine.

There is disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 493,722, filed July 7, 19.43, a Chinese language typewriter wherein a keyboard of approximately 36 keys controls the coordinate selection and printing of any one of 6000 different Chinese characters or ideographs. Another principal object of the present invention is to simplify the operation of the prior type of machine by employing only ten keys for controlling the selective printing which formerly required 36 keys.

A feature of the invention relates to the novel form of selecting arrangement whereby a single set of ten keys can be used to select any one of a very large number of Chinese ideographs or the like, for presentation to a printing point. In its generic aspects this selecting arrangement is capable of application not only to Chinese language typewriters, but also to other keyboard.- controlled machines, such as Linotypes, Mono.- types, "Teletypes and the like.

A further feature relates to a keyboardecon? trolled printin machine of the type having a selectively rotatable drum which is also selectively movable along its axis, and wherein the coordinate selective movements of the drum are controlled by a single row of keys much smaller in number than the total number of characters to be printed. For example, in the case of a machine for printing 10,000 characters, only ten keys are required.

A further feature relates to an improved group and units selecting mechanism for typingmachines and the like.

A still further feature relates to the novel organization, arrangement and relative inter.- connection of parts which cooperate to provide an improved Chinese or similar ideog raphic language typewriter.

Other features and advantages not specifically enumerated will become apparent after a con.- sideration of the following detailed descriptions and the appended claims.

In the drawing which represents, for illustrative purposes, certain preferred embodiments,

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram to explain certain broad'features of the invention,

Fig. 2 is a schematic layout of the typing ma chine accordingto the invention.

controlling the typing bar, carriage return, line feed, space and back space operations.

Fig. 5 is a chart diagram of the sequence of the various impulses in the four unit code used with the invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the keying circuits controlled by the ten character selection keys, and by the five function keys.

Fig. 7 illustrates the receiving tape perforator machine which can be controlled directly by in.- coming telegraph line signals, or by the keyboard mechanism .of Figs. 1-6.

Fig. 8 i a schematic view of the mechanism linking one of the ten character selection keys and the longitudinal and rotary drum controls.

Fig. 9 is a detail view of the longitudinal group and units selecting rack and stops of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the rotary movement selection barrel.

Fig. 11 is a front end View of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is an edge view of one of the cam wheels of the selector barrel of Fig. 10.

Fig. 13 is a front view of Fig. 12.

Fig, 14 is a front view of one of the single lobe group selection wheels of Fig.

Fig. 15 is an edge view of Fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a detail view of one of the stops.

In general, the printing machine of the present invention is similar to that disclosed, in my prior application Serial No. 493,722 filed July '7, 1943, the operation of which is based upon the assignment of a predetermined code number to each of 10,000 Chinese ideographs. It comprises a type face drum I (Fig. 1) which carries, in the particular embodiment illustrated, 6.000 individual Chinese ideographs arranged in successive circumferential rows with 101) ideographs in each row. For a detailed disclosure of how these Chinese ideographs can be supported peripherally on the drum, reference is hereby made to said prior application Serial No. 493,722. Drum l is mounted in suitable bearings whereby it can be moved longitudinally toward the left to present the desired circumferential row of characters in line with the printing hammerZ. The drum is also capable of being selectively rotated around its axis so that after the circumferential row has been selected, the drum is rotated to present the par= ticular desired ideograph into registry with the printing hammer. A conventional paper carriage 3 51-1011 as used in r ary En l s l n ua e type.-

writers carries the paper which extends upwardly between the printing hammer 2 and the drum I. An inked ribbon is also mounted so as to extend parallel to the drum axis, and located between the printing hammer and the paper. With this arrangement, the type faces on the drum are' positives so that the actual printing on the paper appears as positives. A continuously running motor 4 is connected through a magnetic clutch 5 and gearing 6 to the drum shaft. The drum is shown in its normal position where the printing hammer is in registry with the first circumferential row of ideographs. In as much as the drum must first be moved longitudinall it may be normally held in its extreme position at the right (Fig. 1) by means of a retractile spring (not shown). out interfering with the drum rotation, a toothed rack 8a which is shown in detail in Fig. 9, and is driven by pinion 9 from motor 4 through gearing Ill and magnetic clutch l l, The clutch II is arranged to be operated just after the longitudinal selector has been set. The longitudinal and rotary selectors are indicated schematically in Fig. 1 by the block l3.

In order to control the setting of the selectors there is a keyboard l4 comprising a single row of ten numerical keys to 9. Associated with the numerical keys are four rotary impulse distributors El, E2, E3 and E4. These distributors are of the well-known start-stop type, the distributors El, E3 and #4 being driven at the same rotary speed, while the distributor E2 is rotated in timed relation to the speed of distributors El, E3 and E4, through reduction gearing G and phase adjusting handwheel GI (Figs. 2 and 3). For each complete rotation of brushes 43 and 46, the brush 45 moves step-by-step to each of its numbered segments in succession. When the brush 45 leaves the segment #5, it causes the well-known stop mechanism of start-stop distributors to be placed in position so as to stop brush 45 after it has completed its revolution back to segment #1 where it stops until it is ready for the next distribution of signals. Associated with the function keys T, S, C, B and R, are an additional pair of rotary distributors E and E6. Associated with the segments #1, #2, #3 and #4 and their brush 46 are four electromagnets which control respectively the permutation bars 53, 54, 55 and 55. The common return operating circuit for these electromagnets is controlled by the #1 segment and brush 45 of distributor E2. Positive potential controlled by the numerical keys 0-9 (Fig. 1) is applied in varying combinations to the segments #1, #2, #3 and #4 of distributor El by means of conductors Z83l and plug-jack 25, 25. Mounted above an intersecting relation above the permutation bars 53-56 are six thousands selector bars TH. The bars 53-55 at the regions of intersection with bars TH have notches, so that when all the notches in the bars 5356 beneath any given one of the bars TH, are facing upwardly, as viewed in Fig. 3, the corresponding bar TH is enabled to drop downwardly. On the other hand, if one or more notches beneath a bar TH are not in alignment the said bar TH is held in its raised position. The bars 53-56 are mounted so as to be capable of 180 rotation around their longitudinal axes. Some of the bars 5355 when in their normal position have their notches facing upwardly, while other bars have their notches facing downwardly. For simplicity in the drawing, a sign represents the notch facing down, while a sign represents The drum has coupled to it, but witha notch facing up. When one of the electromagnets is energized it rotates the associated bar 5356 through an angle of thus reversing the phase or position of the series of notches in said bar. The setting of selector bars TI-I is controlled by the first operation of any key in the numerical ke row. The setting of the H bars is controlled by the second operation of any key in the row; the setting of the T bars is controlled by the third operation of any ke in the row; while the setting of the U bars is controlled by the fourth operation of any key in the row. Likewise the setting of the F bars (Fig. 4) is controlled by the operation of any one of the five function keys S, R, T, B and C under control of distributors El, E2, and E3.

Each key has associated with it a stationary contact which may be considered to be divided into six separate sections as shown in Fig. 6. Four of these sections of each key contact are connected respectively to the conductors 28-3l and thence to the #1 to #4 segments of distributors El and E4. The first section of each stationary key contact is the distributor start contact and is connected to the corresponding segment on distributors El and Ed by way of wires 21 and 39. The sixth section of each stationary key contact is the stop section and is connected to the corresponding stop segment on distributor El and E4 by way of wire All. It will be understood that each key is provided with a contact movable with the key and which is connected to a suitable source of positive potential, which contact however is insulated from the part of the key which is contacted by the operator. The manner in which the conductors 2l32 are energized in various combinations is illustrated in the chart of Fig. 5.

In order to control the longitudinal setting of drum I, it is necessary to operate in succession, the same or different keys in the numerical row. The first operation as mentioned above causes the operation of one of the six bars TH which by means of the linking and lever mechanism shown in Fig. 8, sets the rigid stop bar l5 (Fig. 1) a predetermined distance with respect to the upper shouldered edge of rack 8. Back 8 has six shoulders I0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 0, of different depths with respect to the normal position of stop bar I5. Therefore, depending upon the extent to which the bar I5 is moved, it will stop the rack 8 in the proper group corresponding to the first digit of the code number of the desired ideograph on drum I. The second operation of a key causes the operation of one of the ten bars H which by means of the linkage and levers shown in Fig. 8, causes the rigid stop bar IE to be set to a predetermined distance with relation to the lower edge of rack 8., As shown in Fig. 9 this lower edge has a series of sets of smaller shoulders or teeth l1. Therefore, depending upon the extent to which the bar It is moved, it will stop rack 8 in the proper position corresponding to the second digit of the code number of the desired ideograph. When the stop [5 is set as above mentioned a circuit is closed to operate clutch II to allow drum l to move toward the left (Fig. 1). Thereupon the stop I5 is allowed to return to its normal position clear of the rack 8. The rack continues to move towards the left until the proper tooth I1 engages the stop [6. It will be understood of course, that the clutch II is of the slip-clutch type so that the motor can continue rotating while the rack 8 is stopped. The rack 8 may carry a longitudinal ratchet which 7 be used, reference may be had to U. S. Patent No. 2,213,476. The received impulses are applied through a plug such as 25--26 to operate a printing mechanism such as described above.

Detailed description Assuming for the purpose of explanation, that it is desired to print a Chinese character whose code number is 1234; key #1 (Fig. 1) is pressed and in doing so it applies positive potential to the two wires M, 42, and thence to the wires 28, 29. At the same time, positive potential is applied to the start wire 21. By means of the plugjack 25--26, this start potential is applied to the start segment of distributor El which is connected in circuit with a clutch release lever of any well-known start-stop telegraph mechanism whereby the brushes 43 and 46 are released for rotation. Brush 43 is coupled through reduction gearing G to brush 45 so that brush 45 stays on segment #1 during the first revolution of brushes 43 and 46. Brush 46 is mechanically connected to, and rotates together with brush 43. It will be understood that the keys of the keyboard I4 are of the mutually interlocked and releasable type, so that more than one key cannot be depressed at a time. Since key #1 has been depressed, positive potential is applied in succession over conductors 28 and 29 to segments #1 and #2 of distributor EI. At the same time, positive potential is applied through brush 46 to segments #1 and #2 of distributor E3. 'Ground is applied to segment #1 of distributor E2. Under these conditions, a circuit is traceable from the positive potential at the key, through brush 43, brush 46, conductor 48, conductor 49, windings of electro magnet 56, conductor I, brush 45, to ground. While this same positive potential is also applied to other conductors to which conductor 48 is multipled, there is only one circuit closed at this time as above described. Magnet 56 thereupon operates the bar 53 which is rotated through an angle of 180 degrees. The bars 53 to 56 stay put in their selected rotated position until they are restored to normal by any suitable spring arrangement after the selection has been completed. As the brush 46 continues to rotate, it has positive potential applied through segment #2, thence to conductor 58, conductor 59, and the winding of magnet 66 which thereupon rotates bar 54 through 180 degrees. In this position, the bar 54 presents notches only to the selector bars 0, I and 3. Since the remaining segments #3 and #4 remain deenergized as the brush 46 rotates, the corresponding magnets BI and 62 remain deenergized. Therefore, the bars 55 and 56 remain in their normal positions. Under this condition, TH bar #1 is spring-pressed downwardly into the aligned notches. Associated with all the bars TH is a lever 63 pivoted at III and having its lefthand end held down by spring 64, thus tending to hold bars TH in raised position. The downward motion of the right-hand end of lever 63 is limited by stop II. The linkage between bars 'I'l-I and the lever 63 is such that each of said bars turns the said lever successively through greater angles where the incremental changes in successive angles are equal. One typical way of operating the lever 63 to its different positions is schematically shown in Figure 8, wherein the bars TH are indicated as having projections of difierent lengths arranged to engage and impart varying degrees of angular movement to the lever 63 in response to uniform downward movement of the respective TH bars into the aligned notches of the underlying bars 53 to 56. Thus when TH bar #5 is operated, the stop I5 remains in its raised normal position under control of spring I3 where it clears all shoulders except shoulder 50 in rack 8. When bar #1 is operated as above described, it rotates lever 63 through a distance whereby the right-hand end of lever 65 is likewise rotated so that I5 clears only shoulder 0. Lever 65 at its right-end end has a toothed ratchet i2 which is engaged by the spring-pressed lever latch 69 so that when lever 65 is set, it is held in set position by the latch. Latch 69 is held in its normal position against lever 65 by retractile spring 13a.

The end I5 of lever 65 rides in a slotted guide I4 and projects therefrom so as to be in vertical alignment with the upper shouldered edge of member 8. Since bar #1 was selected, the end of lever 65 is lowered to such a distance that it clears shoulder 0 but does not clear shoulder I0. Positioned underneath the overhanging ends of bars TH is a, common contact; operating bail B so that when any of the bars TH is operated it closes a circuit to the magnet of clutch I I whereby the drum I and rack 8 are moved to the left (Fig. 9) until stopped by shoulder IIl.

Then key #Zisoperated releasing key #1,and the above-recited cycle of operations of the distributors is repeated. In other words, wires 28, 30 and 3I, and the corresponding segments on distributors El and E3 are energized. In the meanwhile, brush 45 has advanced to segment #2. Therefore, magnets I6, TI and I8 alone are energized, causing the selection of H bar #2. Cooperating with the H bars is a common contact bail similar to bail B whereby the circuit of clutch magnet I I is energized as soon as one of the H bars is selected. Located beneath all the H bars is also a plate I9 (Fig, 8) which is pivoted at with its left-hand side 8| underlying the release control finger 82, the upper end of which is normally in contact with the end of member 69. Consequently, when the H bar is operated, it causes member 69 to rotate counter clockwise to release latch I2 and allow member 65 to be released to normal, and also allowing the drum and rack 8 to continue their longitudinal movement to the left (Fig. 9).

Member 8I carries a downward arm 83 to which is loosely linked the push bar 84. The left end of bar 84 is adapted to engage the downward arm 85 of member 66 which is normally held downward by retractile spring 86 so that it clears all the teeth II on the lower edge of the rack 8. Bars H like the bars TH, are arranged so that each of them rotates member I9 in equal incremental amounts, thus raising the end I6 of member 66 proportionately. It should be noted, that there is a slight lost motion between members 84 and 65 provided by the parts 96, 9 I, so that the preliminary motion of member 84 does not immediately operate member 66. This provides a short time interval to allow member 65 to release to normal and to allow the lowest tooth I I on the rack to just clear the edge of member 66 before the latter starts moving upwardly. When member 66 is thus set, it is held in position by the ratchet 92 and latch 93, which are normally held in engagement by retractile spring 94. In the example assumed, member 66 moves up so as to be in the path of the tooth I'I'b, whereby the rack 8 and drum I are stopped inthe selected longitudinal position.

, Key#3 is next operated and by means of duplicate mechanism the same as that of Fig. 8, it

Then key #4 is operated causing stop I6a to be set under control of mechanism the same as that of Fig. 8 whereby the drum is stopp d in the fourth unit of the selected group. It will be derstood that the levers 65a and (ilia are interlocked for release control by mechanism which is a duplicate of that described in connection with Fig. 8, so that stop l d is released just before stop 16a starts to be set. Each of the stops. l.5a--I5j may be of two telescoped parts with a spring between the parts as shown in Fig. 16, so that when lever 65a is moved to its maximum, it enables stop I57 to be moved toward the barrel to stop it.

The drum having now been set with the selected ideograph in alignment with hammer .2, the typing key 'I is operated. This results in the energization of magnet. only (Fig. 4) and the selection of bar T. Bar T is connected to bar 96 (Fig. 8) through suitable linkage so that as bar T descends, bar 96 is moved to the left causin the spring-pressed latch 91 to. engage with the latched right-hand end of slide 98. When the T k y is released after the ideograph is printed, the bar 95 returns to its normal position at the right, and in doing so it pulls bar 98 to the right against the tension of spring 99. 'Ihereupon, the latched end I00 engagespawl lever 9.3 to release the pawl from ratchet .92 and allow the rack and drum to return to normal. At the same time,.the bar 96 which is connected to the levers 65a and 66a, restore the stops 15d and 1.6a to normahthus allowing the drum to continue its rotational movement.

What I claim is: e

1. A keyboard controlled machine for printing directly in Chinese ideographs and the like, comprising a type drum carrying type faces arranged in coordinate rows, said drum being mounted for coordinate movements to present any desired one of the type faces to a printing point, a keyboard having a total number of keys which is very much smaller than the total number of type faces, and means including a selecting mechanism of the permutation type and responsive tothe operation of said keys tor controlling the coordinate setting of said drum, said selecting; mechanism comprising a series of permutation members arranged to be set in permuted combinations under-control of coded electrical impulses and other members only one of which is arranged to be shifted to selecting position in-response to one particular permuted setting oisaid permutationmembers.

2. A keyboard-controlled machine for printing directly in Chinese ideog-raphs and the like, comprising a type drumparrying type faces arranged in coordinate rows, a keyboard having a total number of keys which .is lessth-an 10% of the total number of type faces, and means including a selecting mechanism of the permutation type and responsive to tour successive key operations to move the drum in coordinate movements to present any desired type face to a printing point, said selecting mechanism comprising a series of permutation members arranged to be set in permuted combinations under control of coded electrical impulses and other members on y one of which is arran ed to be shifted to selecting v osition in response to one particular permuted setting of said "permutation members.

3. A keyboardscontrol led machineefor. printing directly :in Chinese ideQg aphs-andethe like, com

10 anged for coordinate movements, at least two sets of selector bars, a set or control keys, means including a series of permutation embers arranged to be set in permuted combinations under control of coded electrical impulses responsive to one key operation for selectively setting one bar in one or said sets, means including another series of permutation members arranged to be set in permuted combinations under control of coded electrical impulses in response to a second key operationfor selectively setting a bar in another of said sets, and means responsive to the selective setting of each of said bars to control the selective setting of said drum.

4. A keyboard controlled machine for printing directly in Chinese t-ideographs and the like, comprising a type drum carrying type faces arranged in coordinate rows, four sets of selector bars, a set of control keys, means responsiveto onekey operation for selectively setting one bar in one Of Said sets, means responsive to a second key operation for selectively setting one bar in the second set, means responsive to a third key operation for selectively setting one bar the third set, means responsive to a fourth key operation for selectively setting one bar in the fourth set, and means responsive to the setting of the fourbars to control the co rdinate setting of said drum whereby a particular one of the type faces H is presented to the printing point.

5. yArkeyboard-controlled machine according to claim 4 in which the drum is movable longitudinally and is provided with group and units stopping means selectivel engageable with the selector bars of the said first andsecond sets, the

; splonsive to one key operation, for setting the group stop means to stop the drum in a igroup position, and means responsiv to a second key operation for setting .the other stop means to stop the drum in afunits position.

7. Akeyhoard-contrtifled machine of the. type described, comprising a type drum arrangedfor coordinate movements and carrying type races arransedin coordinate rows aloneitudinalselector rack for controlling the selective longitudinal setting of said :drum, a rotary selector rack for controlling. the selective rotation-or. said, dnim, a keyset, andmeans includinga selecting mechanism of the permutation type and responsive to the operation .of said ,keys .fohcontrolling in suc cession the setting of said racks whereby ,said drum is Set with a desired type face in registry with :a printing point, said-selecting mechanism comprising .a series of permutation members arranged to be set .in permuted combinations under control of coded electrical impulses and other members only one .of which is arranged to be shitted to selectingsposition-inresponse to i one particular permutedsetting ofsaid permutation members.

8. A machine according to claim 7 in which each rack is movable in accordance with the drum movement, each rack having a series of group abutments, and a plurality of like series of units abutments.

9. A keyboard-controlled machine of the type described, comprising a type carrier arranged for coordinate longitudinal and rotary movements and having type faces arranged in coordinate rows, selectively operable sto means for controlling the coordinate settings of said carrier to present a selected type face to a common printing point, a permutation selector arrangement for controlling said stop means, and means linking said keys to said selector arrangement to enable the same keys to control both the longitudinal and rotary movements of said carrier, said selector arrangement comprising a series of permutation members arranged to be set in permuted combinations under control of coded electrical impulses and other members only one of which is arranged to be shifted to selecting position in response to one particular permuted setting of said permutation members.

10. A keyboard-controlled machine of the type described, comprising a type carrier, arranged for coordinate movements and having the type faces arranged in coordinate rows, selectively operable stops means for controlling the coordinate settings of said carrier to present a selected type face to a common printing point, a permutation selector arrangement, means responsive to successive key operations to control said permutation arrangement and thereby to operate said stop means selectively, said permutation arrangement including a plurality of groups of permutation bars arranged to be set in permuted combinations, the number of groups of permutation bars equalling the number of successive key operations required to select a, particular type face for presentation to the printing point, a plurality of sets of selector bars each set cooperating with a corresponding group of permutation bars, and means common to said selector bars to control said stop means in response to the particular selector bars in each set that are in selected position.

11. A keyboard-controlled machine according to claim 9 in which said type carrier is in the form of a rotatable and longitudinally movable drum, each of said stop means having group stopping devices and units stopping devices, and means responsive to four successive key operations to set respectively the group and units devices of the longitudinal selective stop means, and the group and "units devices for the rotary selective stop means, whereby the selected type face on said carrier is presented to the printing point.

12. A keyboard-controlled machine comprising a type carrier in the form of a normal continuously rotatable drum, said drum being also longitudinally movable, a plurality of sets of permutation-controlled selector bars, one set controlling the longitudinal motion of the drum, another set controlling the rotary movement of the drum, means responsive to the selective setting of a bar in the first set for controlling the application of motive power to move the drum longitudinally and to selectively set a stop means for stopping the drum when a desired circumferential row of type faces is in registry with a fixed printing point, and means responsive to the selective setting of a bar in the second set for 12 selectively setting another stop means to stop the drums rotation whereby a desired type face in said selected row is presented to said printing point.

13. In a machine for selectively presenting one of a large number of members to a fixed'point comprising a drum carrying the members arranged in coordinate rows, means to rotate the drum, and means to move the drum longitudinally, a pair of graduated devices each having group and units abutments, two pairs of selectively shiftable stop members, one pair for each graduated device, one stop member of each pair cooperating with the group abutments, and the other stop member of the pair cooperating with the units abutments, and a series of numerical keys whose total number is only a small fraction of the total number of said members and whose successive operation controls said two pairs of stop members in sequence.

14. A machine according to claim 13 in which one of said graduated devices is in the form of a slidable toothed rack having group teeth and repeated series of units teeth between each adjacent pair of group teeth, and each of said stop members is mounted and controlled by said keys so that different keys cause the stop members to be moved corresponding different distances to engage a selected group abutment and a selected units abutment.

15. A machine according to claim 13 in which one of said graduated devices is in the form of a toothed wheel having group teeth and repeated series of units teeth between the adjacent group teeth, and the stop members cooperating with said group and units teeth include pivotally mounted variable-throw leversl whose throw is controlled by difierent numerical keys.

16. A machine according to claim 13 in which one of the graduated devices is a longitudinally movable toothed rack and the other graduated device is a rotatable toothed rack with group teeth arranged helically therearound and with repeated sets of units teeth located between adjacent pairs of group teeth.

17. An ideographic printing machine comprising a key bank, a type face drum longitudinally movable and rotatable to present a selected type face to a, common point, selective mechanism for controlling the longitudinal and rotary setting of said drum, said mechanism including a set of operating keys whose total number is only a small fraction of the total number of type faces, a plurality of groups of permutation members each group having a set of operating magnets, a rotary distributor arrangement connected between said keys and said magnets whereby successive key operations control the magnets of each set respectively in succession to set the corresponding permutation members, and motive control and drum-stopping means controlled by the permuted setting of said members.

18. An ideographic printing machine comprising a keyset having fixed and movable contacts for each key, a plurality of conductors multipled to the key contacts in permuted combinations, a rotary distributor having a series of stationary contacts to which said conductors are individually connected, a plurality of groups of permutation control members, a set of control magnets for each group of said permutation members, means including the stationary contacts of said distributor and the 'said keys for preparing the circuits of each set of control magnets in permuted combinations corresponding to the particular key which is operated, another rotary distributor coupled to the first distributor and having stationary contacts each alloted to different sets of said magnets, said other rotary distributor completing the circuit to the said magnets whereby the permutation members in successive groups are selectively set in succession corresponding to successively operated keys, and drum motive control means selectively controlled by the setting of said permutation members.

19. An ideographic printing machine comprising a keyset, a set of conductors arranged to be energized in permuted combinations in accordance with the particular keys which are successively operated, a plurality of groups of permutation members, each group having a plurality of control magnets equal in number to the member of said conductors, a common return circuit for all the magnets of one group, another common return circuit for the magnets of another group, a rotary distributor for connecting the said conduotors to the magnets of each group, another rotary distributor for connecting said common return circuits in succession through said magnets to said conductors whereby said permutation members of each group are successively set, and means controlled by the setting of said permutation members for controlling the longitudinal and rotary movement of said drum.

20. An ideographic printing machine according to claim 19 in which said distributors are of the start-stop type each having a start segment and a stop segment multipled to all the keys of said keyset.

21. An ideographic printing machine according to claim 19 in which each group of permutation members comprises a plurality of bars rotatable around their longitudinal axes, and another set of selector bars are mounted in intersecting relation with the permutation bars, each of said permutation bars having a recess so that when said permutation bars are selectively rotated by said control members, only one selector bar is in alignment with a recess in each of the permutation bars.

22. An ideographic printing machine according to claim 19 in which the last-mentioned means comprises a pair of shiftable stops for stopping the drums longitudinal and rotary motions, said stops being linked to said selector members whereby they are variably operated in accordance with the selective setting of said selector bars.

23. In a machine of the character described, a numerical keyset, a functional keyset, a rotatable and longitudinally movable type drum carrying individual type faces, permutation-controlled selector bars arranged in groups one group being controlled by said functional keys, the remaining groups being controlled by said numerical keys, motor control means for said drum controlled by the selective setting of said selector bars, means linking said numerical key set with certain of said selector bars to enable the same keys to control both the longitudinal and rotary movement of said drum, and distributor means common to both said key sets for permutably setting said selector bars in all said groups.

2 1. In a machine of the character described,

a rotatable and longitudinally movable type drum carrying type faces arranged in coordinate rows, a paper carriage mounted for independent movement with respect to said drum, a printing hammer for pressing the paper on said carriage against a selected type face, a keyset, selective motor control means for the paper carriage and for said drum, link means between certain keys of said keyset and said control means responsive to key operation for controlling the selective movement of said drum to present a desired type face in registry with said printing hammer, other link means between other keys and the motor control means for controlling the movement of said paper carriage independently of said drum, both of said link means including respective groups of permutation selector bars and common distributing means between the key set and said bars of all said groups.

25. A machine according to claim 24 in which each of said link means includes a set of permutation bars arranged to be set in permuted combinations in accordance with the particular key which is operated, and a set of selector bars whose setting is determined by the setting of said permutation bars.

26. In a mechanism of the character described, a type carrier in the form of a. rotatable and longitudinally movable drum having a large number of individual type faces, a row of ten numerical keys, and control means between said keys and said drum whereby successive operations of the same or different keys cause selective setting of said drum to present a particular one of the type faces to the printing point.

27. A typewriter comprising a rotatable and longitudinally movable type drum having the type faces arranged in coordinate rows, a toothed rack for controlling the longitudinal movement said rack having "group teeth and units teeth, a selectively shiftable stop for the group teeth, a selectively shiftable stop for the units teeth, one group of control keys, means responsive to the operation of a key in said group for setting the group stop and for allowing said rack to move until engaged thereby, means responsive to the succeeding operation of a key in said group for setting the units stop and for allowing said rack to move until engaged by said units stop, a printing control bar, and means connecting said, bar to said stops Wh'ereby upon completion of the printing operation said drum and stops and the selective mechanism therefor are restored to normal.

CHUNG-CHIN KAO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

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